{"id":465,"date":"2014-09-26T15:50:17","date_gmt":"2014-09-26T15:50:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/?page_id=465"},"modified":"2022-01-19T17:59:34","modified_gmt":"2022-01-19T17:59:34","slug":"connectivism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/connectivism\/","title":{"rendered":"Connectivism"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><b>Note from 04\/22\/14<\/b>:\u00a0 Stephen Downes recently published a succinct article on <a href=\"http:\/\/halfanhour.blogspot.ca\/2014\/04\/connectivism-as-learning-theory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Connectivism as a Learning Theory<\/a> that is a great introduction to Connectivism (and very well written).<\/div>\n<div class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\">***<\/div>\n<p>After my experiences co-teaching a Health Information Management class at Tacoma Community College a few years ago, I have been particularly interested in Connectivism. Connectivism is a new learning theory developed by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.connectivism.ca\/about.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">George Siemens<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/stephen-downes\/connectivism-and-connecti_b_804653.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stephen Downes<\/a>. I have some teaching experience in the k-12 system and there was a lot of emphasis on Constructivism and the work of Vygotsky. The same was true for a Masters program I completed at CSU, East Bay in education. There comes a point though where Constructivism is no longer able to account for how learning\u00a0occurs\u00a0in networks. Or how to account for the rapid changes in society, technology, and the rapid increase of information and connections.<\/p>\n<div class=\"separator\" style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"__ss_661230\" style=\"width: 425px;\">\n<p><b style=\"display: block; margin: 12px 0 4px;\"><a title=\"The Connectivist Classroom\" href=\"http:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/geoffcain\/the-connectivist-classroom-presentation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Connectivist Classroom<\/a><\/b> <iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/661230\" width=\"425\" height=\"355\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 5px 0 12px;\">View more <a href=\"http:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">presentations<\/a> from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/geoffcain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Geoff Cain<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><b>An Informal Connectivism Bibliography<\/b><\/p>\n<p>This is not meant to be the end-all bibliography, just some texts that have inspired our thinking about Connectivism and teaching and learning. Some of these pieces may seem only remotely connected to the theory. On closer look at some of these resources will reveal the practical applications of the theory. Our original bib contained Plato&#8217;s Meno and other works but those may have just contributed to our foundational thinking in education as Vygotsky did.<\/p>\n<p>Albion, P and Maddux, C. (2007) Networked Knowledge: Challenges for Teacher Education. Journal of technology and Teacher Education, Education Research Complete; 15(3):303-310.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eprints.usq.edu.au\/4003\/2\/Albion_Maddux_Author%27s_version.pdf\">http:\/\/eprints.usq.edu.au\/4003\/2\/Albion_Maddux_Author&#8217;s_version.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bessenyei, Istv\u00e1n. (2008) &#8220;Learning and Teaching in the Information Society: eLearning 2.0 and Connectivism.&#8221; Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ris.uvt.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/01\/ibesseneyi.pdf\">http:\/\/www.ris.uvt.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/01\/ibesseneyi.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Blowers, Helene. (2006) &#8220;The 23 Things.&#8221; Learning 2.0. Public Library of Charlotte &amp; Mecklenberg County blog.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from:<a href=\"http:\/\/plcmcl2-things.blogspot.com\/\">http:\/\/plcmcl2-things.blogspot.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Our course content for Health Information Management was directly inspired by this blog posting and its many imitators and reiterations.<\/p>\n<p>Brafman, Ori and Beckstrom, Rod A. (2007) The Starfish and the Spider.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.starfishandspider.com\/\">http:\/\/www.starfishandspider.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>This is a popular business book, but it inspired ideas about how we can make a self-directed curriculum. Curriculum that is group-oriented (and leaderless) rather that forcing people to go off by themselves or being micromanaged by a teacher or alpha student).<\/p>\n<p>Brown, John Seely, (2002). &#8220;Growing Up Digital: How the Web Changes Work, Education, and the Ways People Learn.&#8221; United States Distance Learning Association. Retrieved on Sept 27, 2011, from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usdla.org\/html\/journal\/FEB02_Issue\/article01.html\">http:\/\/www.usdla.org\/html\/journal\/FEB02_Issue\/article01.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Brown, John Seely and Adler, Richard P. (2008) &#8220;Minds on Fire: Open Education, the Long Tail, and Learning 2.0.&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.johnseelybrown.com\/mindsonfire.pdf\">http:\/\/www.johnseelybrown.com\/mindsonfire.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Codognet, Philippe. (1999) &#8220;The Semiotics of the Web.&#8221; Universit\u00e9 Paris 6. Paris, France.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/pauillac.inria.fr\/~codognet\/web.html\">http:\/\/pauillac.inria.fr\/~codognet\/web.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Conole, Gr\u00e1inne. (2008) &#8220;New Schemas for Mapping Pedagogies and Technologies.&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ariadne.ac.uk\/issue56\/conole\/\">http:\/\/www.ariadne.ac.uk\/issue56\/conole\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Conole, Gr\u00e1inne. (2008) &#8220;Cloudworks: Social networking for learning design.&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ascilite.org.au\/conferences\/melbourne08\/procs\/conole.pdf\">http:\/\/www.ascilite.org.au\/conferences\/melbourne08\/procs\/conole.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Cormier, Dave. (2008). \u201cRhizomatic Education: Community as Curriculum\u201d\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.innovateonline.info\/index.php?view=article&amp;id=550\">http:\/\/www.innovateonline.info\/index.php?view=article&amp;id=550<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Downes, Stephen (2007) &#8220;What Connectivism Is.&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/halfanhour.blogspot.com\/2007\/02\/what-connectivism-is.html\">http:\/\/halfanhour.blogspot.com\/2007\/02\/what-connectivism-is.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2006) &#8220;Learning Networks and Connective Knowledge.&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/it.coe.uga.edu\/itforum\/paper92\/paper92.html\">http:\/\/it.coe.uga.edu\/itforum\/paper92\/paper92.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Godwin, Peter. (2006). &#8220;Information literacy in the age of amateurs: How Google and Web 2.0 affect librarians&#8217; support of Information Literacy.&#8221; ITALICS, 5(4). eLIT 2006 Special Issue. Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ics.heacademy.ac.uk\/italics\/vol5iss4\/godwin.pdf\">http:\/\/www.ics.heacademy.ac.uk\/italics\/vol5iss4\/godwin.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Granovetter, M. (1973): &#8220;The strength of weak ties.&#8221; American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sociology.stanford.edu\/people\/mgranovetter\/documents\/granstrengthweakties.pdf\">http:\/\/sociology.stanford.edu\/people\/mgranovetter\/documents\/granstrengthweakties.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Heylighen, Francis. (2001) &#8220;Complexity and Information Overload in Society: why increasing efficiency leads to decreasing control.&#8221; Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/pespmc1.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Info-overload.pdf\">http:\/\/pespmc1.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Info-overload.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2007): &#8220;The Global Superorganism: an evolutionary-cybernetic model of the emerging network society.&#8221; Social Evolution &amp; History. 6 No. 1,p. 58-119.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/pespmc1.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Superorganism.pdf\">http:\/\/pespmc1.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Superorganism.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Heylighen, Francis, et al. (2001) &#8220;The Emergence of Distributed Cognition: a conceptual framework.&#8221; Proceedings of Collective Intentionality IV, Siena, Italy.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/pcp.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Distr.CognitionFramework.pdf\">http:\/\/pcp.vub.ac.be\/papers\/Distr.CognitionFramework.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Jenkins, H., Clinton, K., et al. (2006). &#8220;Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education For the 21st Century.&#8221; Chicago: The MacArthur Foundation.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.newmedialiteracies.org\/files\/working\/NMLWhitePaper.pdf\">http:\/\/www.newmedialiteracies.org\/files\/working\/NMLWhitePaper.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Kop, Rita &amp; Hill, Adrian (2008) &#8220;Connectivism: Learning theory of the future or vestige of the past?&#8221;\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/viewArticle\/523\/1103\">http:\/\/www.irrodl.org\/index.php\/irrodl\/article\/viewArticle\/523\/1103<\/a><\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9vy P. (1997) Collective Intelligence: Mankind&#8217;s Emerging World in Cyberspace. Plenum, NY.<\/p>\n<p>Stephen Johnson, (2001) Emergence: The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software, Scribner, NY.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;(1997) Interface Culture: How New Technology Transforms The Way We Create &amp; Communicate. Perseus Books.<\/p>\n<p>Laat, Marten de. (2005) Networked Learning. Phd dissertation. Utrecht. Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.e-learning.nl\/files\/dissertatie%20maarten.pdf\">http:\/\/www.e-learning.nl\/files\/dissertatie%20maarten.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Maness, Jack M. (2006). &#8220;Library 2.0 Theory: Web 2.0 and Its Implications for Libraries.&#8221; Webology, Volume 3, Number 2 (June, 2006).\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.webology.ir\/2006\/v3n2\/a25.html\">http:\/\/www.webology.ir\/2006\/v3n2\/a25.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>McCarthy, Helen et al. (2004) Network Logic: Who governs in an interconnected world? Demos. London, UK.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.demos.co.uk\/files\/networklogic.pdf\">http:\/\/www.demos.co.uk\/files\/networklogic.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media; the extensions of man. New York, McGraw-Hill.<\/p>\n<p>I include McLuhan for a number of reasons here. The main ideas being that learning theories need to have some idea about change management and our relationship to information.<\/p>\n<p>McLuhan, M. (1962). The Gutenberg Galaxy. New York, McGraw-Hill.<\/p>\n<p>Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. (2002). Phenomenology of Perception. (Reprint of the 1962 edition). New York, London: Routledge Classics<\/p>\n<p>Palloff, Rena M., and Keith Pratt.(2005) Collaborating Online: Learning Together in Community. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;. (2007) Building Online Learning Communities: Effective Strategies for the Virtual Classroom. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.<\/p>\n<p>Phelps, Renata. (2003) Developing Online From Simplicity toward Complexity: Going with the Flow of Non-Linear Learning.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.unb.ca\/naweb\/proceedings\/2003\/PaperPhelps.html\">http:\/\/www.unb.ca\/naweb\/proceedings\/2003\/PaperPhelps.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Romeis, Karyn. (2009) Kayrn Romeis Major Project.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/karynromeisdissertation.wetpaint.com\/\">http:\/\/karynromeisdissertation.wetpaint.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Siemens, George. (2004) \u201cConnectivism: A Learning Theory for the Digital Age\u201d\u00a0elearnspace blog.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/connectivism.htm\">http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/connectivism.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;(2008). What is the unique idea in Connectivism? Retrieved Oct 3, 2011 from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.connectivism.ca\/?p=116\">http:\/\/www.connectivism.ca\/?p=116<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8211;(2007). Situating Connectivism. Transcript of presentation. Learning Technologies Center wiki. Retrieved Oct 3, 2011 from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ltc.umanitoba.ca\/wiki\/Situating_Connectivism\">http:\/\/ltc.umanitoba.ca\/wiki\/Situating_Connectivism<\/a>\u00a0 and more discussion about these ideas here:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ltc.umanitoba.ca\/wiki\/\">http:\/\/ltc.umanitoba.ca\/wiki\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>This transcript is of particular interest to instructional designers because he talks about specific teaching techniques and activities around Connectivism. We instructional designers are always asking &#8220;Great theory &#8211; how do we do it?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2006) Knowing Knowledge. elearnspace blog. Retrieved Sept 26, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/KnowingKnowledge_LowRes.pdf\">http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/KnowingKnowledge_LowRes.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2006). &#8220;Connectivism: Learning theory or pastime for the self-amused?&#8221;\u00a0elearnspace blog.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: \/<a href=\"http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/connectivism_self-amused.htm\">http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/connectivism_self-amused.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2005) &#8220;Connectivism: Learning as network creation.&#8221;\u00a0elearnspace blog.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/networks.htm\">http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/networks.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8212; (2003) Learning Ecology, Communities, and Networks: Extending the classroom.\u00a0elearnspace blog.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/learning_communities.htm\">http:\/\/www.elearnspace.org\/Articles\/learning_communities.htm<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Siemens, George and Tittenberger, Peter. (2009) Handbook of Emerging Technologies for Learning. Retrieved Nov 8, 2012 from:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110107195830\/https:\/\/umanitoba.ca\/learning_technologies\/cetl\/HETL.pdf\">http:\/\/elearnspace.org\/Articles\/HETL.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Verhagen, B. v. (2006). Connectivism: a new learning theory? Enschede, Netherlands: University of Twente.Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.surfspace.nl\/nl\/Redactieomgeving\/Publicaties\/Documents\/Connectivism%20a%20new%20theory.pdf\">http:\/\/www.surfspace.nl\/nl\/Redactieomgeving\/Publicaties\/Documents\/Connectivism%20a%20new%20theory.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: Development of Higher Psychological Processes (14th ed.). Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Wesch, Mike. (2007) &#8220;A Vision of Students Today&#8221; (video) YouTube.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dGCJ46vyR9o\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dGCJ46vyR9o<\/a><\/p>\n<p>We were interested in this because we found it to be an exhilarating call to action. Many instructors found it depressing. We thought that was really funny. Why is this here? Because a learning theory has to account for a student&#8217;s experience of knowledge and information\u00a0management. This is outside the Venn diagram of Constructivism and Connectivism.<\/p>\n<p>Wiley, D. A. and Edwards, E. K. (2002) Online self-organizing social systems: The decentralized future of online learning.\u00a0Retrieved Sept 27, 2011 from: <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20061010170913\/http:\/\/opencontent.org\/\/docs\/ososs.pdf\">http:\/\/wiley.ed.usu.edu\/docs\/ososs.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note from 04\/22\/14:\u00a0 Stephen Downes recently published a succinct article on Connectivism as a Learning Theory that is a great introduction to Connectivism (and very well written). *** After my experiences co-teaching a Health Information Management class at Tacoma Community &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/connectivism\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-465","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/465\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geoffcain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}